8/18/2023 0 Comments Carbon nanotubes spider silk![]() ![]() In recent years, with the development of high-tech such as genetic modification, polymers, and nanotechnology, researchers have conducted an in-depth exploration of the composition, structure, and characteristics of spider silk. An effective method is to use the bionic technology to apply the spider silk structure and principle to other man-made materials. In addition, the good biodegradability and biocompatibility of spider silk also make it to have good medical applications ( 13), such as artificial tendons and ligaments, tissue repair materials, surgical sutures, etc.īecause spiders are carnivorous animals and do not like to live in groups, it is difficult to raise them in large quantities ( 14). The excellent comprehensive performance of spider silk makes it to be considered an ideal material for parachutes and body armor. It is no exaggeration to say that spider silk is one of the best structural materials produced in nature. The unit weight of spiderline (Dragline silk) is three times stronger than that of aramid, five times stronger than that of steel, and two times more flexible than nylon ( 12). Natural spider silk is favored by researchers mainly for its outstanding mechanical strength, temperature adaptability, and its composition, while spider silk fiber has high specific strength, excellent elasticity, and super toughness, which is incomparable to those of other natural fibers and synthetic fibers ( 11). Spider silk has also been one of the hot research topics in recent years and has shown great application and commercial value in various fields ( 8, 9, 10). It can be seen that there have been many research works on spider silk and it has obtained preliminary applications in many fields. By the time of World War II, spider silk was used as a crosshair in the optical device of the sighting system of telescopes, guns ( 4, 5, 6, 7), etc. Indigenous people used spider silk as a fishing line. The ancient Greeks used spider silk to stop bleeding and heal wounds. As early as thousands of years ago, people had a certain understanding of the application value of spider silk. It is one of the best materials produced in nature ( 3). It belongs to a type of bioelastic fiber. Natural spider silk is a natural protein biomaterial secreted by spiders through their silk glands. Among the natural biological materials, spider silk has attracted more and more scholars with its excellent comprehensive properties. So, the research and development of biomaterials has become a research hotspot ( 1, 2). Now that sustainable development has become a common theme in today’s world, it is increasingly urgent to develop materials that meet sustainable development. Finally, the research directions and future development trends of spider silk biomimetic materials are prospected.įor more than half a century, the rise of synthetic polymer materials has not only brought many conveniences to people’s lives, but also caused serious “white pollution” problems due to their inability to recycle and the lack of biodegradability. In addition, from the perspective of practical applications, the latest application of spider silk biomimetic materials in the fields of medicine, textiles, and sensors is reviewed, and the inspiration, feasibility, and performance of finished products are briefly introduced and analyzed. The principles and characteristics of new materials and their potential applications in the future are described. The part of the material characteristics mainly describes the biocomposites based on spider silk proteins and spider silk fibers, nanomaterials and man-made fiber materials based on spider silk and spider-web structures. ![]() Then, the development status of spider silk bionic materials is reviewed from the perspectives of material mechanical properties and application. It shows the great research value of spider silk and spider silk bionic materials. This article first summarizes the structure and the characteristics of natural spider silk. Its mechanical properties and biocompatibility are incomparable with those of other natural and artificial materials. Spider silk is a kind of natural biomaterial with superior performance. ![]()
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